1. Oral presentations should contain: introduction, objectives, methods, results, conclusions/implications. Objectives should be clearly stated. Avoid unnecessary detail in methods unless the methodology is the central topic of your talk. Primarily discuss the results and conclusions. Conclusions should relate back to objectives.
2. Presentations are scheduled in 20-minute blocks. Three things must happen during this block: the speaker introduction (1 minute); the talk (15-16 minutes); and the question and answer period (3-4 minutes). The moderator will notify you when your presentation reaches 15 minutes. You will be asked to leave the podium at 20 minutes.
3. Presentations must start and end on time, no exceptions, because they are coordinated with all other concurrent sessions.
4. Rehearse your talk before the meeting to be sure that it does not exceed the allotted time. Have peers evaluate your talk.
5. Podium-mounted computers, lighting, and microphones are not always dependable. Be prepared to give your talk without such aids, if necessary.
6. An excellent article for speakers is “ Strategy and checklist of effective scientific talks ” (Ecol. Soc. Am. Bull. 72: 8-12, 1991). See also the new article by Michael Fraidenburg on effective use of PowerPoint at http://www.wdafs.org/Anchorage2005/Powerpoint_article.pdf

Audio-visual Instructions

1. Power Point is the only medium acceptable for visual aid, unless you make special arrangements through your session organizer.
2. Please try to keep the size of your presentation file to a minimum. For example, reduce the image size of digital images, do not link your graphics to another file (rather, paste as a “picture”), avoid video clips. If you need to use video, please coordinate with your session organizer and contact the AV contractor, IMIG A/V directly at 907-274-2161.
3. IMIG A/V will assign your presentation to the correct computer for your session. They will also screen each presentation for compatibility with projectors, and scan for viruses.
4. All PowerPoint presentations must be submitted by Wednesday, September 7, 2005 to the IMIG A/V web site at http://www.imigav.com/ppt_submit.htm . You will need to enter your name, title, abstract number, room, and time of your presentation and then paste your file onto the IMIG site. To find the specifics for your presentation, go to http://209.66.94.27/2005Abs/afssearch.cfm and search for your presentation. If you are having trouble uploading your presentation on the IMIG-AV web site, or are concerned about whether it was received, please go to the AV check-in room no later than the day before your talk. Attendants will check to be sure your submitted file is on the correct computer or they will load your original or revised file onto your session’s computer if you need to.
5. Hours of the Speaker AV Check-In (Williawaw Room, Egan Convention Center) are:
   Sunday 1-6, Monday through Wednesday 7-6 Thursday 7-12 .
6. Speaker Practice Rooms will be available at the Redoubt Room in the Egan and the Prudhoe Bay Room in the Hilton Hotel. These rooms will have a computer and projector. You may use your own computer or bring your presentation on a memory stick or CD to practice your talk. Hours are: Sunday 1-6, Monday through Wednesday 7-6 Thursday 7-12 .
7. All speakers must report to their presentation rooms at least 15 minutes prior to the start of their session so they can be sure their presentation is on the session computer. Bring a back-up of your presentation on CD or memory stick.
8. We encourage speakers to bring overheads as backup in case of problems. An overhead projector will be available in case these back-ups are needed. Only 20 minutes are allowed per presentation, even if problems occur with equipment. If serious problems occur with the session computer, you may be asked to use either your backup visuals or give your presentation without visuals. Out of consideration to conference attendees, the order of speakers will not be shifted or rotated to accommodate A/V problems.

Pre-meeting Instructions

1. Use the online searchable schedule available through the AFS website at http://www.wdafs.org/Anchorage2005/afs/index.php to search for the session and presenters in the session that you are moderating. Find your session and Voila! The presenters in your session should appear before your very eyes!
2. Send an e-mail to each presenter that you will moderate, asking for biographical information to compose your one-minute introduction. You can obtain this from the abstract search page at http://209.66.94.27/2005Abs/afssearch.cfm by entering the presenters name in the appropriate block and clicking on submit. Please also inform them that they are responsible for reading the online guide to oral presentations, at http://www.wdafs.org/Anchorage2005/program.htm . You may also paste that information into a document and send it as an attachment.

Meeting Instructions

1. All Moderators should report to their session rooms at least 20 minutes before the start of their session to get acquainted with lighting, microphone and computer setup.
2. Each presenter has been directed to submit their paper to the A/V contractor prior to the meeting. Prior to start of the session, with the aid of the A/V assistant assigned to the session, verify that the correct papers have been loaded on the computer in the session room and that everything is functioning properly. If problems arise, the A/V assistant should be able to guide you through fall-back scenarios.
3. Presentations are scheduled in 20-minute blocks. Three things must happen during this block: the speaker introduction (1 minute); the talk (15-16 minutes); and the question and answer period (3-4 minutes). You must notify the speaker when their presentation reaches 15 minutes and must stop the presentation at 20 minutes to stay on schedule. Out of courtesy to the audience and other speakers, it is critical that speakers stay on time. It is the responsibility of each moderator to keep his or her session on schedule.
4. Do not change the schedule if you have a “no show”. If you have a cancellation, do not proceed with the next presentation until it is scheduled. It is imperative that all presentations occur at the time they are printed on the schedule. You may use this “gap” for questions or discussion.
5. Please publicly acknowledge and thank the A/V crew for assistance with the lights and presentation setup.
6. General meeting announcements (e.g. time that buses will be loading for the social) will be placed on the podium and should be announced at the beginning and end of the session.